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AIRBUSTECHEditor: Denis DEMPSTER, Product MarketingGraphic Design: Sylvie LAGRE & Alain FAURE,Customer Services MarketingTelephone: 33 (0)5 61 93 39 29E-mail: [email protected]: AIRBU 530526FTelefax: 33 (0)5 61 93 27 67Printer: EscourbiacFAST may be read on Internet http://www.airbus.comunder Customer Services, Publications AIRBUS INDUSTRIEICDECAELMDBEIRG2E0S0T0100 years of powered flight2Fumigation of aircraftwith carbon dioxide (CO2)Gregoris DASSIOS3Flap rigging on the A320 familyShark Fin ToolLudovic GIRARD8Cost reduction forinitial spares investmentMichael HAUPT11Less paper in the cockpitDaniel MENARDLaval CHAN-KAM-FAIEric LESAGEBruno DAHAN15Fuel leak repairAlain MARECHAL27Worldwide Airbus Customer Services31In a nutshell.32Cover illustration: “Less paper in the cockpit”2000. All rights reservedThe articles herein may be reprinted without permission exceptwhere copyright source is indicated, but with acknowledgement toAirbus Industrie. Articles which may be subject to ongoing review musthave their accuracy verified prior to reprint. The statements made hereindo not constitute an offer. They are based on the assumptions shown andare expressed in good faith. Where the supporting groundsfor these statements are not shown, the Company willbe pleased to explain the basis thereof.FAST / NUMBER 27NThis issue of FAST has been printed on paperproduced without using chlorine, to reduce wasteand help conserve natural resources.Every little helps.1
s we move into the 21st centurywith the A3XX, an aircraft capable ofcarrying some 580 passengers andcrew over 8000 nautical miles, non stop, it isdifficult to imagine that only 100 years ago aprize was offered for the first man to fly fromthe Aéro-Club de France at Saint-Cloud, aroundthe Eiffel Tour and back to Saint-Cloud, within30 minutes. Although there were manyentrants for the competition, only one manactually competed, Alberto Santos-Dumont, ayoung Brazilian.He won in his airship the “Santos-DumontNo.4”. It had a 9 horsepower engine driving atwo-blade propellor via a long shaft. Mr SantosDumont sat behind the engine, on a bicycleseat, in the open. There were no passengers.He went on to win another prize, in 1906, forthe first sustained flight in Europe – 220 metresat a maximum altitude of six metres, with acontrolled turn at the end. It was in his“Aeroplane 14-bis” with a 50 horsepowermotor driving a two-blade pusher propellor.The first passenger wasn’t carried till 1908.2FAST / NUMBER 27
by Gregoris DASSIOSCabin Furnishings & Payload Systems EngineerCustomer ServicesAirbus IndustrieOperators have reported cases of aircraft infestationby rodents such as mice and rats, and reptiles such assnakes and lizards, causing discomfort and alarmamongst passengers and crew, but also potentiallyconsiderable damage to the aircraft. Their presence inan aircraft can lead in extreme cases to the aircraftbeing grounded, especially when electrical wiringdamage has been discovered. Rats and mice seem tobe attracted by the odours emitted by the insulationaround the wires.In-service experience has revealed that rodents andreptiles tend to board an aircraft through open doorsand access panels, when it is parked for a relativelylong period of time either in the hangar or on theapron, especially during the night when human activityis reduced. Also, they have been observed entering theaircraft during loading of catering trolleys and cargo.FAST / NUMBER 273
Up to mid 1997, AirbusIndustrie had providedoperators with thepossibility of fumigating infestedaircraft with a methyl bromidebased chemical agent, referred toas ‘SOXAL-PESTIGAS’ in theAircraft MaintenanceManual (AMM).However, due tothe continuing international process ofbanning toxic fumigationagents for civil use, andconcerns about the usage andpotential side effects of this agent,Airbus Industrie decided towithdraw it from the AMM.Specifically, these concerns werefocused upon: Residue of methyl bromide stilltraceable in some areas in thecabin and cargo compartments upto 36 hours after aircraft aeration; Accumulation of methylbromide residues in the thermalacoustic insulation blankets behindthe linings of the cabin and cargo; Compatibility of methyl bromidebased agents with sophisticatedaircraft electronic equipment; Existence ofchloroflourocarbons (CFC) inmethyl-bromide agents, which arerestricted in many countries bylaw, further to the Montrealprotocol.Airbus Industrie launched aninvestigation to identify anotherfumigation agent, possessing thefollowing characteristics: Inert; Non toxic; Widely available in the worldmarket; Low procurement cost; Easy to contain and transport; User friendly.Solution CO24As a result, it has beendetermined that carbon dioxide(CO 2 ) can fulfil the aboverequirements,wheretheextermination of the rodents andreptiles would be achieved bymeans of asphyxiation.CO 2 is already used in industryfor protecting food stored in holdsof ships and warehouses, and forprotecting cultivated plants. Inaddition, the use of CO 2 forfumigation was of special interestsince its procurement cost is lowerthan Nitrogen (N2) and less of it isrequired.In August 1999, Airbus Industrieconducted CO2 fumigation tests inan A319 aircraft. The test readingswere taken using probes placed indesignated areas in the cabin,cockpit, avionics and cargocompartments measuring the CO2concentration at specified timeintervals.NOTE: no live animals of any kindwere used in these fumigation tests.The test results were positive,since CO 2 concentration reachedapproximately 90% of the aircraftvolume, and scientifically it hasbeen shown that the lethal dose toexterminatearodentisapproximately 60% of CO 2 withexposure of about six minutes.Therefore, Airbus Industriedecided to implement CO2 and theassociated fumigation procedureinto the scheduled AMM revisionsfor each aircraft.CO2 FumigationprocedureIMPORTANT: Operators are advised toconsult AMM 12-21-12 for the specificaircraft fumigation procedure. The AMMfor A319/A320/A321 was revised in May2000 to incorporate fumigation procedureby CO 2 and for the A330/A340 in July2000. The revision to the AMM for theA300/A300-600/A310 family is plannedfor the first quarter of 2001.In addition, operators are advised torefer to SIL 12-007, revision 01, issuedend of October 2000, since usefulsupplementary information is provided.FAST / NUMBER 27
The fumigation procedure by CO2is the same for all of Airbus Industrieaircraft. A locally manufacturedfilling adaptor is installed over theoutflow valve of the air-conditioningsystem and an outlet pipe installed atone of the cockpit sliding windows(see figures 1, 2 & 3 ).When Airbus Industrie conductedthe fumigation test, an average CO2mass flow rate of 3.6 kg/min wasselected, corresponding to almost2000 litres/min of CO2, by adjustingthe pressure to 8 bars at the CO2 supply. In this case the filling time for anA319 was nearly three hours.Equipment is available, with a highermass flow rate capability that wouldallow large aircraft to be filled inapproximately the same time. Thefilling time is calculated using therequired CO2 mass specified in thetable below for each type of aircraftfuselage and the mass flow rateselected. When the specified amountof CO2 has been reached, the fillingprocess stops.Although the cargo compartmentsare nominally sealed from the cabin,cockpit and avionics compartments,it was demonstrated during the testthat the cargo compartments are alsofilled with CO2. This will occurthrough the cargo compartment drainlines (the leakage in/out is in fact calibrated for the purpose of assuringcontainment of fire extinguishant).Usually, the CO2 gas is containedunder pressure in liquid form ofabout 150 Bars and at low temperatures. Heat exchangers and evaporators, (see photo " ), are used to elevatethe temperature of the gas prior toapproximately 15 C on entering thefuselage.Figure 1 Apparatus:Outflow valve adapterHookFoam or Prot. hoseFoamConnectionto CO2 sourceWingnutFigure 2 Apparatus:Sliding window Attachment barsprotected with foamHeat exchangersand evaporatorsThe following table shows the amount ofCO2 required for each fuselage #Amountof CO22500kg2300kg2500kg2300kg2000kg 0A321FAST / NUMBER ired amount of CO2 per fuselage(kg)2500A3105
CO2 Fumigationprocedure (cont’d)The CO2 enters the cabin througha locally manufactured simpleadapter that is installed over the outflow valve. To ensure that the CO2penetrates to the highest level in thecabin an outlet tube is fitted abovethe ceiling panel behind the cockpit,with the end placed at the highestposition in the fuselage. The otherend is taken out through a blank fitted in place of the sliding window inthe cockpit (see figure 3c " ). Thusas the level of CO2 rises in thecabin it forces out the ambient airthrough the tube. After the CO2 filling process, the aircraft shouldremain closed for half an hour forrodent extermination and 12 hoursfor reptile extermination.General informationUsing CO2 andInsecticidesFumigation using CO2 is nottotally effective against insects butvery effective against rodents andreptiles. In case an operator needsto exterminate insects as well asrodents and reptiles then insecticide in association with fumigationshould be used. First the internalsection of the pressurised fuselagehas to be sprayed with ‘Baygon’,(Material No. 14-004 or 14-004A),and then, the CO2 fumigation procedure should be performed.Insects such as ticks are almostresistant to high concentrations ofCO2 gas since they can close theirtrachea and virtually stop theirmetabolism. Other insects such ascockroaches will lay their eggsprior to dying. CO2 has no effect onthe eggs, however ‘Baygon’ iseffective against them.In the case of reptiles, the fumigated aircraft has to be kept with alldoors, hatches and drain portsclosed and sealed for at least twelvehours. This is due to the fact thatreptiles hibernate when underthreat or lack of nutrition. They canreduce their heartbeat significantlyas well as their rate of breathing.Rodents are exterminated afterbeing exposed to an environment6with 60% CO2 content for sixminutes.The CO2 has an anaesthetic effectafter 20 seconds.Penetration of the CO2 into thethermal-acoustic insulation blankets behind the cabin and cargo linings, was measured at about 90%during the fumigation test.Using ConventionalMethodsIf an operator wishes to use conventional traps (spring loaded orwith adhesion) to catch rodents andor reptiles then the following technique should be used: Prior to placing the traps,remove all catering trolleys andthe waste from the trash compactors, (if any), from the galleys,from the lavatory waste bins andfrom any other container whichcould contain any waste. Remove all soap bars and dispensers from the lavatories. Remove all cosmetic productsfrom the lavatories. Place the traps in the cabin, inthe aisles, below the seats, in thegalley and lavatory areas, in thecockpit, in the avionics bay, in thecargo holds, and in the FlightCrew Rest Compartment, LowerDeck Mobile Crew Rest compartment and Lower Deck Lavatories,if any of these are installed. Close all aircraft doors andhatches for twelve hours with nohuman activity around the aircraft.The main advantage of fumigating an aircraft by CO2 over the useof conventional traps is that theresult is definitive in a specifiedtime frame.IMPORTANT: Do not under anycircumstances use poisoncapsules for rodents, since theirlater removal could be easilyomitted by cleaning personnel,leaving them to be swallowed bychild passengers.Donotunderanycircumstances use ultra-sonicanimal repellent devices insideand/or near the aircraft.FAST / NUMBER 27
CO2 SUPPLIERAirbus Industrie encourages operators wishing to use CO2 for fumigation to usethe method described in the AMM. They should contact and use local CO 2suppliers and their associated equipment for performing the fumigation task. AirbusIndustrie performed the fumigation test in association with Linde AG. (see addressbelow) who supplied the gas and also the equipment.Figure 3 Installation of apparatusAPressurizedareaBCConnectionto CO2 sourceOutflow valveSliding windowThinkagain!ConclusionAirbus Industrie, beingconscious of thedifficulties faced byoperators when pests board theiraircraft, and with the gradualprohibition of toxic agents againstthem, has developed an effective,user friendly solution for the eradication ofstowaway reptiles and rodents.It uses products and materials that are in common use,and very simple to adapt to the aircraft.Good hunting!FAST / NUMBER 27Contact person and address of supplierMr. Soenke WEIDGENLINDE AGSchnackenburgallee 2222525 Hamburg, GermanyTel: 49 40 8531 2146Fax: 49 40 8531 2125e-mail: soenke [email protected]: LINDE AG has internationaldistribution centres.7
by Ludovic GIRARDFlight Controls Systems EngineerEngineering ServicesAirbus IndustrieBeing the only all newaircraft in their class the A320Family benefited from theadvances in technologyintroduced in the interveningtwenty years. Inevitably theseadvances reduce themaintenance costs by reducingthe time that the A320 Familyspends on the ground formaintenance purposes,because they are easier tomaintain, having easier andaccurate trouble-shooting andmodern maintenanceprocedures.8FAST / NUMBER 27
Achange in the wing manufacturing process has allowed animprovement in the flap rigging procedure. Until now rigging ofthe flaps has required disconnection of the flap drive system anduse of rather cumbersome devices, which were placed on top of the wing.With the introduction of new manufacturing tools, to more preciselyposition flap tracks two and three, and more recently track four, in relationto the top surface of the wing, this rigging method has been replaced by amuch simpler one.This new rigging procedure uses the flap tracks as the dat
21.12.2012 · Airbus Industrie FAST / NUMBER 27 3. Up to mid 1997, Airbus Industrie had provided operators with the possibility of fumigating infested aircraft with a methyl bromide based chemical agent, referred to as ‘SOXAL-PESTIGAS’in the Aircraft Maintenance Manual (AMM). However, due to the continuing inter-national process of banning toxic fumigation agents for civil use, and concerns about
