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Checklist for Revising Paragraphs Can a reader understand and follow my ideas? Is the topic sentence clear? Have I fully supported the topic sentence with details and facts? Does the paragraph have unity? Does every sentence relate to the main idea? Does the paragraph have coherence? Does it follow a logical order and guidethe reader from point to point? Have I varied the length and type of my sentences? Is my language exact, concise, and fresh? Have I proofread carefully for grammatical and spelling errors?Checklist for Revising Essays Is the thesis statement clear? Does the body of the essay fully support the thesis statement? Does the essay have unity? Does every paragraph relate to the thesis statement? Does the essay have coherence? Do the paragraphs follow a logical order? Are the topic sentences clear? Does each paragraph provide good details and well-chosen examples? Does the essay conclude, not just leave off?Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.9781111349004 ifc se.indd ii12/16/10 2:32 PM

EvergreenA Guide to Writing with ReadingsCompact 9th EditionCopyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.49002 00 fm pi-xx.indd i12/16/10 4:06 PM

EvergreenA Guide to Writing with ReadingsCOMPACT NINTH EDITIONSusan FawcettAustralia Brazil Japan Korea Mexico Singapore Spain United Kingdom United StatesCopyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.49002 00 fm pi-xx.indd iii12/16/10 2:29 PM

This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rightsrestrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorialreview has deemed that any suppressed content does not materiallyaffect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves theright to remove content from this title at any time if subsequentrights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previouseditions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visitwww.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keywordfor materials in your areas of interest.Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.

Evergreen, A Guide to Writing with Readings,Compact Ninth EditionSusan FawcettSenior Publisher: Lyn UhlDirector of Developmental Studies: Annie ToddSenior Development Editor: Judith FiferAssociate Editor: Melanie Opacki 2012, 2011, 2007 Wadsworth, Cengage LearningALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereinmay be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any meansgraphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying,recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks,or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted underSection 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the priorwritten permission of the publisher.Editorial Assistant: Matt ConteMedia Editor: Amy GibbonsSenior Marketing Manager: Kirsten StollerMarketing Coordinator: Brittany BliasMarketing Communications Manager:Courtney MorrisFor product information and technology assistance, contact us atCengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706For permission to use material from this text or product,submit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions.Further permissions questions can be emailed [email protected] Project Manager: Aimee Chevrette BearArt Director: Jill OrtPrint Buyer: Susan SpencerPermissions Editor: Katie HuhaProduction Service: Lachina Publishing ServicesLibrary of Congress Control Number: 2010942431Student Edition:ISBN-13: 978-1-111-34900-4ISBN-10: 1-111-34900-2Text Designer: Cia BoyntonPhoto Manager: Jennifer Meyer DareCover Designer: Leonard MassigliaCompositor: Lachina Publishing ServicesWadsworth20 Channel Center StreetBoston, MA 02210USACengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions withoffice locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom,Australia, Mexico, Brazil and Japan. Locate your local office atinternational.cengage.com/region.Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education, Ltd.For your course and learning solutions, visit www.cengage.com.Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferredonline store www.CengageBrain.com.Printed in Canada1 2 3 4 5 6 7 14 13 12 11 10Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.49002 00 fm pi-xx.indd iv12/16/10 3:29 PM

ContentsPREFACE xiACKNOWLEDGMENTSUNIT 11xviiExploring the WritingProcess 3A. The Writing Process 3Exploring Online 4B. Subject, Audience, and PurposeExploring Online 62CHECKLIST The Process of Writing BasicParagraphs 33Exploring Online 3454UNIT 2Freewriting 7Brainstorming 9Clustering 10Asking Questions 11Keeping a Journal 13Exploring Online 16Discovering theParagraph 18UNIT 3535Developing theParagraph 50Illustration51CHECKLIST The Process of Writing anIllustration Paragraph 55Suggested Topic Sentences for IllustrationParagraphs 56Exploring Online 56The Process of WritingParagraphs 19A. Defining and Looking at the Paragraph 19B. Narrowing the Topic and Writingthe Topic Sentence 21C. Generating Ideas for the Body 24Achieving CoherenceA. Coherence Through Order 35Exploring Online 41B. Coherence Through RelatedSentences 42Exploring Online 44Exploring Online 47Exploring Online 48Prewriting to GenerateIdeas 7A.B.C.D.E.3D. Selecting and Dropping Ideas 25E. Arranging Ideas in a Plan or an Outline 26F. Writing and Revising the Paragraph 27Getting Started 26Narration58CHECKLIST The Process of Writinga Narrative Paragraph 60vCopyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.49002 00 fm pi-xx.indd v12/16/10 3:29 PM

viCONTENTSSuggested Topics for NarrativeParagraphs 61Exploring Online 627Description11Process6312DefinitionCause and Effect13PersuasionA. Single-Sentence Definitions 75B. The Definition Paragraph 7810Comparison and ContrastA. The Contrast Paragraph andthe Comparison Paragraph 83CHECKLIST The Process of Writinga Comparison or ContrastParagraph 88Suggested Topics for Comparisonor Contrast Paragraphs 89B. The Comparison and ContrastParagraph 89Suggested Topics for Comparisonand Contrast Paragraphs 91Exploring Online 91UNIT 483104CHECKLIST The Process of Writinga Persuasive Paragraph 109Suggested Topics for PersuasiveParagraphs 110Exploring Online 11175CHECKLIST The Process of Writinga Definition Paragraph 81Suggested Topics for DefinitionParagraphs 81Exploring Online 8297CHECKLIST The Process of Writinga Cause and Effect Paragraph 101Suggested Topics for Cause and EffectParagraphs 102Exploring Online 10269CHECKLIST The Process of Writinga Process Paragraph 73Suggested Topics for Process Paragraphs 73Exploring Online 74992CHECKLIST The Process of Writinga Classification Paragraph 95Suggested Topics for ClassificationParagraphs 95Exploring Online 96CHECKLIST The Process of Writinga Descriptive Paragraph 66Suggested Topics for DescriptiveParagraphs 67Exploring Online 688Classification14Writing theEssay 112The Process of Writingan Essay 113A.B.C.D.E.Looking at the Essay 113Writing the Thesis Statement 117Generating Ideas for the Body 120Organizing Ideas into an Outline 121Ordering and Linking Paragraphsin the Essay 124F. Writing and Revising Essays 129CHECKLIST The Process of Writingan Essay 136Suggested Topics for Essays 136Exploring Online 137Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.49002 00 fm pi-xx.indd vi12/16/10 2:29 PM