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A106 GRADE B CARBON STEELDatasheet for A106 Grade B Carbon Steel Pipes & Tubes Sheets & Plates Bars & Rods, Forgings Fittings & Flanges Nuts & Bolts ValvesWWW.STEELPIPESFACTORY.COM – METALLICA METALSWe are a metal supplier of Hastelloy, Monel, Inconel, Incoloy, Stainless Steel, Duplex, Super Duplex, Nickel Alloys and more.Email: [email protected] Tel: 91 8928722715 91-22-66581538, 91-22-67436694, 91-22-66109768

Datasheet for Carbon Steel A106 Grade BWhat is Carbon Steel A106 Grade B?Carbon steel is a steel with carbon content up to 2.1% by weight. The definition of carbon steel from the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) states: Steel is consideredto be carbon steel when: no minimum content is specified or required for chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, titanium, tungsten, vanadium or zirconium, orany other element to be added to obtain a desired alloying effect; the specified minimum for copper does not exceed 0.40 percent; or the maximum content specified forany of the following elements does not exceed the percentages noted: manganese 1.65, silicon 0.60, copper 0.60.The term "carbon steel" may also be used in reference to steel which is not stainless steel; in this use carbon steel may include alloy steels.As the carbon percentage content rises, steel has the ability to become harder and stronger through heat treating; however, it becomes less ductile. Regardless of the heattreatment, a higher carbon content reduces weldability. In carbon steels, the higher carbon content lowers the melting point.Carbon Steel A106 Grade B Product SpecificationProductASTM A106 Gr. B Seamless PipesBrandJindal, MSL, ISMTShapesRoundTypesSeamless and WeldedSize1/2" to 48"ThicknessSCH 40, SCH 80, SCH 160, SCH XS, SCH XXS, All SchedulesCommon GradesAPI 5L Gr. B, ASTM A106 Gr. B, ASTM A333 Gr. 6, ASTM A53 Gr. B, ASTM A500 Gr. BFittings TypeSeamless Butt Weld, Flanges, Black, GalvanisedOther FittingsElbows, Tees, Reducers, Caps, Stub Ends, Flanges (ANSI, Table E, D and H)1

Difference Between Carbon Steel and Stainless SteelCarbon steel and stainless steel have the same basic ingredients of iron and carbon. Their main difference is alloy content—carbon steel has under 10.5 percent alloycontent, while stainless steel must contain 10.5 percent chromium or more. That essential difference is what gives carbon steel and stainless steel their distinct physicalcharacteristics.Carbon SteelStainless SteelVulnerable to rustResistant to rustBrittleLess BrittleWear-resistantLess wear-resistantTypes of Carbon Steel1.2.3.4.Low carbon steel – Carbon content 0.55-1.05%Medium carbon steel- Carbon content 0.25-10.6%High carbon steel- Carbon content 0.9-2.5%Super High carbon steel- Carbon content 2.5-3.0%Commonly used Carbon Steel explained below:1. Low Carbon Steel Plain carbon steels - very low content of alloying elements and small amounts of Mn.Most abundant grade of steel is low carbon steel - greatest quantity produced; least expensive.Not responsive to heat treatment; cold working needed to improve the strength.Good Weldability and machinability.High Strength, Low Alloy (HSLA) steels - alloying elements (like Cu, V, Ni and Mo) up to 10 wt %; have higher strengths and may be heat treated.2

2. Medium Carbon Steel Carbon content in the range of 0.3 – 0.6%.Can be heat treated - austenitizing, quenching and then tempering.Most often used in tempered condition – tempered martensite.Medium carbon steels have low hardenability.Addition of Cr, Ni, Mo improves the heat treating capacity.Heat treated alloys are stronger but have lower ductility.Typical applications – Railway wheels and tracks, gears, crankshafts.3. High Carbon Steel High carbon steels – Carbon content 0.6 – 1.4%.High C content provides high hardness and strength.Hardest and least ductile.Used in hardened and tempered condition.Strong carbide formers like Cr, V, W are added as alloying elements to from carbides of these metals.Used as tool and die steels owing to the high hardness and wear resistance property.4. Super High Carbon Steel Approximately 1.25–2.0% carbon content.Steels that can be tempered to great hardness.Used for special purposes like (non-industrial-purpose) knives, axles or punches.Most steels with more than 2.5% carbon content are made using powder metallurgy.Application of Carbon SteelCarbon steel is used in boilers, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, piping, and other moderate-temperature service systems in which good strength and ductility aredesired. Significant other factors include cost, availability, and the ease of fabrication.3

Effects of Alloying Elements on Steel Manganese – strength and hardness; decreases ductility and weldability; effects hardenability of steel. Phosphorus – increases strength and hardness and decreases ductility and notch impact toughness of steel. Sulfur decreases ductility and notch impact toughness Weldability decreases. Found in the form of sulfide inclusions. Silicon – one of the principal deoxidizers used in steel making. In low-carbon steels, silicon is generally detrimental to surface quality. Copper – detrimental to hot-working steels; beneficial to corrosion resistance (Cu 0.20%). Nickel - ferrite strengthener; increases the hardenability and impact strength of steels. Molybdenum - increases the hardenability; enhances the creep resistance of low-alloy steels.Frequently Used ASTM Grades of Carbon SteelCarbon esA106A, B, CThis specification covers carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service.FittingsA234WPA, WPB, WPCThis specification covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and weldedconstruction.FlangesA105This specification covers standards for forged carbon steel piping components, that is, flanges, fittings,Valves, and similar parts, for use in pressure systems at ambient and higher-temperature serviceconditions.ValvesA216WCBThis specification covers carbon steel castings for Valves, flanges, fittings, or other pressure-containingparts for high-temperature service and of quality suitable for assembly with other castings or wroughtsteel parts by fusion welding.Bolts &NutsA193B7This specification covers alloy and stainless steel bolting material for pressure vessels, Valves, flanges,and fittings for high temperature or high pressure service, or other special purpose applications.A1942HStandard specification for nuts in many different material types.4

High-TempLow-TempPipesA335P1, P11, P12, P22,P5, P9FittingsA234WP1, WP11, WP12, This specification covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and weldedWP22, WP5, WP9 construction.FlangesA182F1, F11, F12, F22,F5, F9This specification covers forged or rolled alloy and stainless steel pipe flanges, forged fittings, andValves and parts for high-temperature service.ValvesA217WC1, WC6, WC9,C5, C12This specification covers steel castings, martensitic stainless steel and alloys steel castings for Valves,flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for high-temperature andcorrosive service.Bolts &NutsA193B7This specification covers alloy and stainless steel bolting material for pressure vessels, Valves, flanges,and fittings for high temperature or high pressure service, or other special purpose applications.A1942HStandard specification for nuts in many different material types.PipesA3336, 3This specification covers wall seamless and welded carbon and alloy steel pipe intended for use at lowtemperatures.FittingsA420WPL6, WPL3Standard specification for piping fittings of wrought carbon steel and alloy steel for low-temperatureservice.FlangesA182F304, F316, F321,F347This specification covers forged or rolled alloy and stainless steel pipe flanges, forged fittings, andValves and parts for high-temperature service.ValvesA182F304, F316, F321,F347This specification covers forged or rolled alloy and stainless steel pipe flanges, forged fittings, andValves and parts for high-temperature service.Bolts &NutsA193B8This specification covers alloy and stainless steel bolting material for pressure vessels, Valves, flanges,and fittings for high temperature or high pressure service, or other special purpose applications.A1948Standard specification for nuts in many different material types.This specification covers seamless ferritic alloy-steel pipe for high-temperature service.5

Heat TreatmentThe purpose of heat treating carbon steel is to change the mechanical properties of steel, usually ductility, hardness, yield strength, or impactresistance. Note that the electrical and thermal conductivity are only slightly altered. As with most strengthening techniques for steel, Young'smodulus (elasticity) is unaffected. All treatments of steel trade ductility for increased strength and vice versa. Iron has a higher solubility forcarbon in the austenite phase; therefore, all heat treatments, except spheroidizing and process annealing, start by heating the steel to atemperature at which the austenitic phase can exist. The steel is then quenched (heat drawn out) at a moderate to low rate allowing carbon todiffuse out of the austenite forming iron-carbide (cementite) and leaving ferrite, or at a high rate, trapping the carbon within the iron thusforming martensite. The rate at which the steel is cooled through the eutectoid temperature (about 727 C) affects the rate at which carbondiffuses out of austenite and forms cementite. Generally speaking, cooling swiftly will leave iron carbide finely dispersed and produce a finegrained pearlite and cooling slowly will give a coarser pearlite. Cooling a hypoeutectoid steel (less than 0.77 wt% C) results in a lamellarpearlitic structure of iron carbide layers with α-ferrite (nearly pure iron) between. If it is hypereutectoid steel (more than 0.77 wt% C) then thestructure is full pearlite with small grains (larger than the pearlite lamella) of cementite formed on the grain boundaries. A eutectoid steel (0.77%carbon) will have a pearlite structure throughout the grains with no cementite at the boundaries. The relative amounts of constituents are foundusing the lever rule. The following is a list of the types of heat treatments possible:1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.SpheroidizingFull annealingProcess annealingIsothermal annealingNormalizingQuenchingMartempering (Marquenching)TemperingAustemperingForging Temperature of SteelSteel Type1.5% carbonMaximum forging temperature ( F / C)1920 / 1049Burning temperature ( F / C)2080 / 11406