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Setting Up a Spare DriveYou can set aside an unassigned drive as a global spare. Then, if any drive in a RAID setfails, the spare is automatically integrated into the set to take the place of the faileddrive. Only RAID 1, RAID 0 1, and RAID 5 sets can take advantage of spare drives.To set up a spare drive:1 Open RAID Utility.2 Select the drive you want to use as a spare in the left column.3 Choose RAID Make Spare.You can also assign unused drives as spares by selecting the “Use unassigned drives asspares” option when you create a set using the Create RAID Set command.Reverting a Spare DriveYou can use the Revert Spare command to return a spare drive to general availabilityso you can use the drive to create RAID sets.To revert a spare drive:1 Open RAID Utility.2 Select the drive in the left column.3 Choose RAID Revert Spare.Deleting a Volume or RAID SetAs a first step in modifying your RAID configuration, you can delete an existing volumeor RAID set to free up the drives needed to create a new volume or RAID set.To delete the computer’s startup volume or the RAID set that the startup volume isbased on, you must first start up the computer from a different disk that has the RAIDsoftware installed, such as:ÂÂ The Mac OS X or Mac OS X Server installation disc that comes with your computerÂÂ An external disk on which you’ve installed Mac OS X or Mac OS X Server using theinstallation disc that comes with your computerImportant:  When you delete a RAID set, all volumes based on that RAID set are alsodeleted.To delete a RAID set or a volume:1 Open RAID Utility and choose the volume or RAID set in the left column.2 Click Delete Volume or Delete RAID Set.RAID Utility User Guide11

Solving ProblemsThe following paragraphs may help you identify or solve a problem you’re having withyour RAID volumes.If the Battery Isn’t Fully ChargedIf you just installed the RAID card, the battery might not have finished conditioning.Conditioning can take up to 12 hours and starts when you first turn on the computerafter installing the card.If you’ve been using the card for more than three months, the battery might bein a reconditioning cycle. Every 90 days, the battery is completely discharged andrecharged to keep it in good condition.If you have a new computer that came with the RAID card already installed, the batterymight not have reached full charge. Charging may take a few hours.In any case, RAID Utility alerts you that the battery is charging or conditioning, andthat write caches are disabled. Performance may be slightly degraded during this time,but will return to normal when the battery is recharged.To see if your battery is charging or reconditioning:mm Open RAID Utility and click Status in the left column.You can also check the battery status using System Profiler. Choose About This Macfrom the Apple menu and click More Info. Then select Hardware RAID under Hardwarein the Contents list. System Profiler is also available in /Applications/Utilities/.If the Write Caches are DisabledThe RAID card battery may be conditioning or not fully charged. To protect yourdata, the RAID card automatically disables write caching whenever the battery isn’tfully charged. When the card is new, and again every three months, the RAID cardconditions the battery by completely discharging and then recharging it.If you accept the risk of a power failure and possible data loss, you can force the writecaches on when the battery is not fully charged.WARNING:  If you enable the write caches when the battery is not fully charged, youmight lose data if the power to your computer fails.To force write caching on:mm Open RAID Utility, click Status, and then click the Force On button next to Write CacheStatus.12RAID Utility User Guide

Checking the Status of RAID ComponentsYou can use RAID Utility to check the status of the RAID card, its battery, your RAIDvolumes, and the drives and RAID sets they’re built on.Overall statusList of eventsTo check the status of a component:1 Open RAID Utility.2 Click an item in the left column.You can also check RAID component status using System Profiler. Choose About ThisMac from the Apple menu and click More Info. Then select Hardware RAID underHardware in the Contents list. System Profiler is also available in /Applications/Utilities/.Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (SMART) status information isavailable only for SATA drives.Reviewing Event MessagesRAID Utility keeps a list of events related to the current state of the RAID card, RAIDvolumes, and their components.To view events:1 Open RAID Utility.2 Click Status in the left column.To erase an event, click the button in the Clear column.RAID Utility User Guide13

Verifying a RAID SetYou can use the Verify RAID Set command to confirm that data stored on a RAID 1,RAID 0 1, or RAID 5 volume is protected.The performance of the RAID set and any volume based on it is degraded duringverification.To verify a RAID set:1 Open RAID Utility.2 Select the RAID set in the left column.3 Click Verify RAID Set.If the verification process reports problems, you can use the command raidutil modify volume --rewritein Terminal to recreate the volume’s data protection information. For information, seethe raidutil man page or enter raidutil at the command-line prompt.If a Volume is DegradedA degraded volume is either not providing full performance or has lost its ability toguarantee data protection. All data on a degraded volume is available, but data will belost if a drive fails. A volume’s status is listed as degraded:ÂÂ While the volume is being created. This is normal, and the volume’s status changesfrom degraded to good as soon as initialization is finished.ÂÂ When a drive fails in the RAID 1, RAID 5, or RAID 0 1 set that the volume is basedon. The volume remains in a degraded state until you replace the faulty drive oruntil an available spare is integrated into the RAID set.ÂÂ While the RAID set that the volume is based on is recovering from a loss of dataredundancy. The volume’s status changes from degraded to good as soon as therecovery process in finished.14RAID Utility User Guide

If a Drive FailsIf a RAID set or volume becomes degraded because a drive has failed, you can useRAID Utility to identify the drive that needs to be replaced.Note:  If your RAID setup includes a spare drive, it is automatically incorporated into theRAID set, and the set switches from degraded to good as soon as the recovery processfinishes. If there is no spare, the set remains degraded until you replace the failed drive,and if a second drive fails before you replace the first, you could lose data.To replace a failed drive:1 Open RAID Utility, select the RAID set or volume that is displaying a problem statusindicator, and look for a drive bay with a red status indicator.The bay numbers in RAID Utility correspond to the numbered drive bays in yourMac Pro or Xserve.2 Replace the bad drive module.3 Use the Make Spare command to set up the new drive as a global spare.If no spare was available when the original drive failed, the RAID card uses the newspare immediately to rebuild the affected RAID set and volumes. If a spare wasavailable at the time of the failure, it is already incorporated into the affected RAID set,and the new spare remains available until it’s needed.If SMART Status is Listed as UnsupportedSelf-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (SMART) status informationis available only for SATA drives. If you are using SAS drives, SMART is listed asunsupported in the drive information in RAID Utility.Using the Command LineYou can also set up and manage your RAID card from the command line using theraidutil command. For information, see the raidutil man page or enter raidutil atthe command-line prompt.RAID Utility User Guide15

About RAID LevelsRAID Utility lets you set up RAID sets based on the following RAID levels:ÂÂ Enhanced JBODÂÂ RAID 0 (striping)ÂÂ RAID 1 (mirroring)ÂÂ RAID 0 1 (mirroring a striped pair)ÂÂ RAID 5 (striping with distributed parity)Enhanced JBODUsing Enhanced JBOD, you can create a RAID set using a single drive. The resultingRAID set doesn’t gain the performance or data protection of the other RAID levels, butit does benefit from the data caching and battery backup provided by the RAID card.An enhanced JBOD set can also be migrated to other RAID sets or moved to anothercomputer that has a Mac Pro or Xserve RAID Card installed.RAID 0RAID 0 offers improved performance but no data protection. Blocks of data are spreadacross all of the drives in the RAID set in a process called striping. This allows betterperformance, because file contents move in parallel to and from the individual drivesin the set. RAID 0 also provides the greatest amount of usable disk space; nearly allspace on all drives is available for user data. You can create a RAID 0 set using two,three, or four drives.RAID 1RAID 1 protects data against a drive failure and provides some increase in readperformance. Data is protected by duplicating the contents of each drive on a seconddrive in the set, a process called mirroring. Because of the duplication, a volume basedon a RAID 1 set can’t be larger than half of the total space available on the drives in theset. You can create a RAID 1 set using either two or four drives.RAID 0 1RAID 0 1 combines the performance of RAID 0 with the data protection of RAID 1, bymirroring a striped set on a second pair of drives. Because mirroring duplicates all data,this level offers less usable disk space than RAID 5. Usable space is half of the totalspace available on the drives in the set. You need four drives to create a RAID 0 1 set.RAID 5RAID 5 is a compromise between the performance of RAID 0 and the data protectionof RAID 1. Performance is improved by striping data across the drives in the set. Dataprotection is provided by parity information that’s distributed across the drives. Datacan be recovered if any single drive fails. RAID 5 leaves you with a greater amount ofusable space than RAID 1. RAID 5 needs only the equivalent of one drive’s worth of diskspace to store the parity information. You can create a RAID 5 set using either three orfour drives.16RAID Utility User Guide

Using Non-RAID JBOD DrivesDrives that aren’t part of the RAID environment are called JBOD disks (just a bunch ofdisks). If you install a new drive or a drive taken from a computer without a RAID card,it’s treated as a JBOD disk. If you install an unformatted drive, you see a dialog that asksyou how you want to proceed.Open Disk Utility:  Opens Disk Utility so you can erase or partition the drive and thenuse it in the Finder like any other disk. The resulting JBOD disk can also be read on acomputer that doesn’t have a RAID card installed.Ignore:  Leaves the drive unformatted.Open RAID Utility:  Opens RAID Utility so you can use the disk to create a RAID set or aspare drive. The disk is shown in RAID Utility with the state JBOD.A non-RAID disk hasthe state JBODRAID Utility User Guide17

Setup ExamplesThe following examples show some common ways to set up RAID volumes.Migrating to a Single RAID VolumeThis is the easiest way to set up a RAID volume on a new computer. There’s no needto reinstall the operating system or restore existing files on the computer’s startupdisk. However, the migration process does take some time and you can’t use the newvolume until the process is finished.The example assumes that you’ve purchased a computer with a RAID card and four500 GB disk drives. The computer is shipped with the operating system on the firstdisk.With four disks, you can choose to migrate the existing startup volume to a RAIDvolume based on a RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5, or RAID 0 1 scheme. For the bestcombination of performance, protection, and volume size, let’s choose RAID 5 for thisexample. With RAID 5, roughly one drive’s worth of the space is dedicated to paritydata, so the usable space on the volume in this example will be roughly equivalent tothe total capacity of the three remaining disks.To set up this example:Start up the computer using the Mac OS X or Mac OS X Server installation disc thatcomes with the computer. When the first Installer pane appears, choose your languageand click Next. When the menu bar appears, choose Utilities RAID Utility and thenchoose the Migrate RAID Set command. Finally, in the dialog that appears, you chooseMaximum Protection, make sure all three remaining drives are selected, select “Expandvolume using added capacity,” and then click Migrate.When the migration process finishes, you’ll have a single, RAID-protected startupvolume with additional space for storing data.18RAID Utility User Guide

Creating a Separate High Performance Data VolumeAs in the previous example, we’ll assume that you’ve purchased a computer with aRAID card and four 500 GB disk drives. In this example, you want to take advantage ofRAID to create a fast data volume (for video editing, perhaps) and aren’t worried aboutdata protection. You’ll leave the current startup disk as is, and use a RAID 0 scheme tocreate a separate volume on the remaining disks. RAID 0, which stripes data across thedrives in the RAID set, usually offers the highest performance. However, neither thestartup disk nor the data volume benefit from any data protection.To set up this example:First, because you’re leaving the original startup disk untouched, there’s no need torestart the computer from a different disc; just open RAID Utility and use the CreateRAID Set command to create a RAID 0 set using the three remaining disks. Whenthe RAID set appears in the left column of the RAID Utility window, select it and usethe Create Volume command to create the volume. The result is a fast 1,500 GB datavolume that’s independent of the computer’s startup disk.Creating a New Startup Volume and Several Data VolumesIn this example, you’ll recreate a startup volume, add several data volumes, and savesome space for a future volume, all on a protected RAID set that has a spare driveavailable. As in the previous examples, we’ll assume that you’ve purchased a computerwith a RAID card and four 500 GB disk drives.To set up this example:Because you’re going to recreate the current startup disk, you need to restart thecomputer using the installation disc that comes with your computer and open RAIDUtility from the Utilities menu. Next, for the protection of the new startup disk andthe data volumes, you create a single RAID 5 set. To do so, choose the Create RAIDSet command, then choose RAID 5, select three of the four available disks, select the“Use unassigned drives as spares” option, and click Create. Then, select the RAID setand use the Create Volume command to create a 20 GB startup volume by changingthe default size in the volume creation dialog. Repeat the volume creation processto add other data volumes with sizes that suit your needs. Finally, install Mac OS X orMac OS X Server on the new startup volume using the installation disc that comeswith your computer. 2009 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.Apple, the Apple logo, Mac, Mac OS, and Xserve are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and othercountries.019-1446/2009-02

RAID Utility application on a computer with a Mac Pro RAID Card or Xserve RAID Card. With a Mac Pro RAID Card or Xserve RAID Card installed in your computer, you can use RAID Utility to turn your computer’s internal disks into storage volumes based on RAID (redundant array of independent disks) schemes that improve performance and .File Size: 1MBPage Count: 19Explore furtherHow to configure a software RAID in macOS Sierra’s Disk .www.macworld.comExternal hard drive not showing up on Mac? Here's what to dosetapp.comHow to set up a software RAID in Mac OS X: Achieve super .macfinder.co.ukDownload SoftRAID 6.2 for freedownload.freedownloadmanag 6 Best Thunderbolt RAIDs in 2022 - FixThePhoto.comfixthephoto.comRecommended to you b